Factors Contributing to Willys Death in Death of a Salesman :: Literary Analysis, Analytical Essay

Willy Loman a self-doubting, delusional salesman enters his house with two set down suitcases he failed to sell anything that day. He was greeted by his loving wife Linda and asked where he was all day. Willy replied by saying that he went as far as a little above Yonkers. Willy explains to Linda that he suddenly couldnt scram anymore. In page 13 Willy explains suddenly I realize Im going sixty miles an hour and I dont remember the last five minutes. Linda tries to comfort him by saying its your glasses and also by saying that you havent gotten sufficient rest. Willy responded by saying he can see perfectly fine. Linda indeed said to Willy that you should ask Howard to see if you can work in pertly York again. At first Willy said that they dont need them in that respect but gave into the suggestion Linda asked. Willy then suddenly asked if there was anything to eat. Linda willfully answered yes and that she would rent him a sandwich. Willy refuses it and says to Linda to go t o sleep and asks if the boys are in. Linda says that the boys are sleeping quick took biff on a date tonight. Willy seemed interested and Linda continued chew outing, it was so nice to see them shaving together. She couldnt get over that the integral house smelling like shaving cream. During this conversation Willy says an important quotation mark Work a lifetime to pay a house you finally own it, and theres nobody to live in it. I find this to be ironic because its true you buy a house to raise a family and when you finally own it theres nobody to live in it, because everybody is all grownup and going on with there own lives. Willy then goes downstairs and starts to talk to himself, as hes doing this Biff and his younger br some other happy start to talk nigh there teenage years, and talked bout their fathers babbling. They then talk nigh how they dont like there lives at the moment. They later talked about buying ranch out west and thinking about other ideas to be successfu l. We return to Willy he gets flash backs about talking to his familiar and that should gone with him to Alaska and Africa to make money. This eventually leads to Willys death when Biff Confronts Willy of nerve-wracking to commit suicide, and telling his dad to burn the fake dream that its never going to happen.

Can Culture Be Caught or Taught Essay

A culture of an organization includes the norms, feelings, beliefs, attitudes, collective experiences, history, assumptions and determine of an organization. Culture is something a new executive senses even before his archetypical day on the job. That is, new employees argon told how things are around present by their colleagues and their team- leading. Caught and not taught means you learn value or behaviors from the sight that habituate them, instead of by being told. You catch such values by seeing them lived. For pillow slip, if you were told (or taught) by someone, You ought to live a certain expression (but you saw them not being a very good example of their teaching), chances are you wont catch or consistently practice that value. On the other hand, if you see someone consistently living break through what they believe, you might catch it. If their modeling of those values is powerful enough, their values raft be caught.The amount of catching and the amount of teachin g is a equilibrise act that depends on any organizations existing culture (how entrenched it is, how outlying(prenominal) removed from the culture you need etc.), the degree of change that is required to fall upon it happen and then the stage that you are going through. E.g. you will do more teaching in the early stages of rolling out a culture, but less when it is defecate that influential people (top managers, team leaders etc.) have caught the gist of it and are out there passing it around. there is a well-known saying You can lead a vaulting horse to water but you cant make him drink mental synthesis a friendship culture is the aspect of strategic business prep that most employers feel is most important to their business. Companies that truly live their corporal cultures are higher comeing and better places to work than companies that lack them. The 10 reasons why its important for a participation to pay miserly attention to its solid collective culture 1.Generates positive public relations. surplus PR creates visibility for a company. 2.Attracts ideal candidates. If the companys merged culture permeates everything from the way meetings are conducted to the format for the bios on the companys Web site, candidates will know if they are a good fit. 3.Repels unwanted candidates. Without a clear bodily culture, undesirable candidates might join the company only to find months later that they do not fit in. 4.Rejects sad hires. Firing an employee is painful both financially and emotionally. Employees who are out of adjust are often unproductive underperformers they also disturb the established culture. 5.Fosters company loyalty. Employees who are a fit with the corporate culture will promptly integrate with the team and find their stride. This combination of ease and teamwork fosters employee loyalty. Loyal employees perform better, are more productive, are willing to exert extra efforts and are likely to influence others in a positive way, w ill circle positive energy throughout the office and attract top talents through word-of-mouth advertising. 6.Encourages dialogue between employees and management.A clear corporate culture opens the lines of communication for employees and employers to discuss what employees really want and what management expects of them, utilizing the office combination of coaching, knowledge and skills that focus on high performance. It communicates to employees what they need to do if they want to fit in, survive and become successful within the organization. 7.Facilitates mankind of relevant benefits packages. When employers know what their employees really want, they can offer benefits that are customized to typeface their employees needs. The benefits a company offers should be tied directly to what the employees want, making them a great recruiting and retention tool.8.De-emphasizes the importance of cash compensation. A thriving corporate culture that fosters loyalty and provides intan gible benefits to employees, such as work that is fulfilling and leaders they respect and trust, can actually reduce employee demands for higher compensation. 9.Encourages utilization of applied science for productivity improvement. Leverage personalized, interoffice technologies that are customized to suit the companys particular(prenominal) needs to save time, improve communication and enhance productivity. 10.Increases the efficacy of outsourcing. A solid corporate culture allows focus on the firms core capabilities. Hence, from the above discussion we can clearly state that solid, clear corporate culture has to be caught not taught.

Christchurch Earthquake Essay

On Tuesday 22nd of February 2011 thither was a 6.3 magnitude humanityquake at 1251pm. The damage in Christchurch was farthest much(prenominal) substantial than the damage caused in the 7.1 cosmosquake only 5 months before. 185 people were killed in the February body politic quake and thou brinystays more than(prenominal) were injured. The epicentre of the priming coatquake was very close to Lyttelton and only 10 kilometres out from Christchurch Central city. The intermission line that ruptured and caused the earth quake was the 15 kilometre shift on the southern edge of the city from Cashmere to Avon Heathcoat estuary.The build-up of stress or pressure sensation in the rocks below Christchurch The earth is made up of many architectonic platefuls. It is the effect of these plates that has created the geographical features of many countries. New Zealand lies on the boundary between 2 of these plates The Pacific Plate and the Australian Plate. This boundary is most obvi ous on the Southern Alps. From this main duty period there argon many little ones spreading outwards. Some of these spread into Canterbury. Before the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes it was non thought that there were any signifi give the bouncet breach lines near Christchurch. Now we know there argon. Stress is not caused by the causal agent of tectonic plates, but more by when the edges of the plates jam against each former(a) and stop moving. The pressure builds up behind the part that has jammed. Eventually the pressure is so great that the plate lasts suddenly and this causes earthquakes.The build-up of stress and the sudden movement when the stress is released shakes the rocks deep below Christchurch. The fault lines under and near the city shake, causing the rocks to move. This causes the major earthquakes.The out core of the earth is layer of molten rock. On top of this is the cortex. On top of the mantle is the earths cheekiness that we live on. The mantle gets very warm and in thin places molten rock rises to its top. Because of this hot and cold relationship, the crust on top is broken into tectonic plates. The movement of molten rock causes heartiness to be moved upwards into the crust. When the crust can no longer hold this vim, it moves along the boundaries of the tectonic plates. These boundaries ar the weakest parts of the crust and exit therefore be the first bits to falling out and move.Release of stressThe Port Hills fault line that caused the 6.3 magnitude earth quake in February was 15km long and stretched east to north east along from Cashmere to the Avon Heathcoat estuary. The fault line that caused the Feb 22 quake was one that was previously incomprehensible close to the Port Hills. This fault line did not break the earths surface, so there was nothing visible for scientists to go and boldness at. Using instruments that measure earthquakes and earth movement scientists were able to determine hardly where this fault was an d that the bit that actually moved, causing the earthquake was 15km long. Fault lines atomic number 18 the weakest part of the earths crust. When there is stress caused underneath by movement, the fault lines are the first part to move. It is a bit wish a piece of glass if there is a crack in the glass that will be the first place where the glass will break. So pressure is released under the earths crust. The earths crust will actually hold a lot of this pressure. When the pressure becomes too much for the crust to hold, the fault lines are the first bits to move. sensation of the ways scientists measure and record the fault movement was through the transmutation of GPS stations, whose displacements were used to create the fault slip model.http//www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Our-Science/Natural-Hazards/Recent-Events/Canterbury-quake/Hidden-fault The transmission of goose egg through the earths crustThe energy released when a fault line moves is similar a stone being dropped in a puddle of piss. It causes ripples to move out from the centre. The ripples are worst nearest the centre and they get small as they get to the edge of the puddle. The centre of an earthquake is the epicentre. When energy is released at an epicentre, waves of energy move outwards, causing the ground to shake. As the epicentre of the Christchurch earthquakes was quite an close to the city, the energy that caused the ground to move under Christchurch was violent. If the epicentre had been save away the quakes would hold back felt littler.There was movement up, d throw and sideways during the February quake. The baffle of land on the south side of the fault line lift about 2.5 metres this included the Port Hills. The land on this side of the fault also moved westwards. The land on the north side of the fault moved eastwards towards the sea.However, much of this movement was underground. The land has rise as much as 40 centimetres around the western side of the Avon-Heathcote estuary.Th e totality the Port hills has travel varies a lot , under Lyttelton Harbour it has risen about 5 centimetres but at the base of the hills near the Heathcote valley, it has risen to a maximum of around 25 centimetres. As a expiration of the fault slip, areas like Bexley, Aranui, Wainoni, Avondale and New Brighton subscribe sunk, mostly by slight than 15 centimetres. Northern, northeastern and central areas of Christchurch have also sunk, but broadly by less than 5 centimetres. Earth quakes / fault movements are metric with a sensitive instrument called a seismograph. Earth quakes generate seismic waves and the seismograph is used to detect them.The magnitude of an earthquake depends on how big or small the fault is and the amount it has slipped. The seismograph shows the recordings made on the seismographs detected at the surface of the earth to determine how large the earthquake was. A goldbrick wiggly line that doesnt move very much authority a small earthquake, and a long wiggly line that wiggles a lot means a large earthquake. Through the seismograph we get the Richter plateful. The Richter scale is a scale used for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake based on the height of the largest shake 100km from the epicentre. There are different types of seismic waves that can be detected there are P waves and S waves (primary and secondary) P-waves are travel at the greatest velocity through the earth qualification them the first waves to be recorded on a seismograph during an earthquake. S waves are transverse waves that travel slower than P waves but are more destructive because of their large amplitude.The effects on man-made structures and after piquesLiquefaction is a burden where strength and stiffness of a defect is reduced by tectonic plates shifting or other rapid movement. Liquefaction cash in ones chipss in sodden soils. The water applies a pressure on the soil particles this controls how tightly the particles are press together. Before an earthquake, the water pressure is relatively low. However when the tectonic plates pass shaking it can cause the water pressure to build up to the point where the soil particles can readily move. Some Areas of Christchurch are more accustomed to others as nearly suburbs have up to 9cm of liquefiable substances much(prenominal) as sand and spongelike soil. These substances turn into liquefaction easily as they desegregate well with the water underground. costal areas are also more prone as the soft sand mixes well with the water also. There was more damage caused by liquefaction in the central city and eastern suburbs than other places simply because it depends on the soil. Since Christchurch is built on marsh land our soil is very susceptible to liquefaction and there is very little we can do to stop it. Some Areas of Christchurch are more prone to others as some suburbs have up to 9cm of liquefiable substances such as sand and soft soil.These substances turn int o liquefaction easily as they mix well with the water underground. Costal areas are also more prone as the soft sand mixes well with the water also. Most buildings that survived the Christchurch earth quake were timberen because when wood is shaken it is able to bend and twist with the movement, whereas for bricks and stone they cant move at all and just have to absorb the shock of the shaking which generally leads to buildings collapsing all together E.g. Christchurch Cathedral, CTV building and Knox church. Buildings like the Christchurch Womens Hospital survived through the September and February earthquake because its foundations are base isolated. prat isolation is when a building is separated from the ground that it is built on. tremendous plates separate the ground and the building. One plate is secured to the ground and the other is secured to the toilet of the building. During an earth quake these plates only move a little bit, take up most of the shock from the earthq uake minimizing damage to the rest of the building.Also depends on the soil under the building, if it is prone to liquefaction or not. Some houses had liquefaction coming up through their floors damaging the foundations so much they had to leave their homes, and basements of office buildings or apartment blocks were flooded with liquefaction, making them un-use able.A tsunami didnt occur after the Christchurch earth quake because the epicentre was in land and no seismic energy was released under the sea. Tsunamis only happen when the epicentre is in the sea, making the energy from the earth quake ripple the water on to land. The bigger the earth quake is, the bigger the tsunami.Aftershocks?After shocks are a lots of smaller earth quakes that happen after the initial earth quake. They occur because the fault line that ruptured needs to settle down again and release stress, aftershocks are the fault lines way of releasing remaining energy. According to http//www.christchurchquakemap.c o.nz/february there have been 8673 after shocks since February 22nd 2011 as of Monday 19th May 2014. Including after shocks that have been so big they are classed as an earth quake of their own like the 13th of June 2011 and the 23rd of December 2011. After shocks do not occur in the exact same place, but they do occur along the same fault line and in the same region. The main earthquake has already happened and released most of its energy already, but further along the fault line the rocks are now out of place and the crunch between them causes more earthquakes (aftershocks).Bibliographyhttp//www.ipenz.org.nz/IPENZ/forms/pdfs/ChChFactSheets-Answers-critical-questions-buildings.pdf http//keithwoodford.wordpress.com/2011/02/27/understanding-the-christchurch-earthquake-building-damage/ http//scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/2013/05/10/where-does-an-earthquakes-energy-come-from/ www.scoop.co.nz/stories/SC1103/S00054/the-canterbury-earthquakes-scientific-answers.htm http//www.mona. uwi.edu/earthquake/quickinfo.phphttp//all-geo.org/highlyallochthonous/2011/02/magnitude-6-3-earthquake-rocks-christchurch/http//www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Our-Science/Natural-Hazards/Recent-Events/Canterbury-quake/Hidden-faulthttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peak_ground_accelerationhttp//www.scoop.co.nz/stories/SC1103/S00054/the-canterbury-earthquakes-scientific-answers.htm http//file. hurtle.co.nz/stuff/12-51/http//www.teara.govt.nz/en/historic-earthquakes/page-13

Room Division Management Sample Case Study

Rooms Division Management Case airfield3 10% Total /40 MarksThe Safe Deposit loge That Wasn&rsquot Amanda stood beh Rooms Division Management Case consider3 10% Total /40 Marks The Safe Deposit shock That Wasnt Amanda stood behind the trend desk of the metropolitan, a 376- room upscale hotel, and tried to omit the exceptterflies in her stomach. It was effective her second day on the job, and t here(predicate) was so much to remember She glanced over at Ron, standing at the different end of the counter.It was comforting to have him operative the shift with herhe had worked for the Metropolitan for two years and had been a gravid help yesterday whenever she got fluster or confused. Her first day was extremely busy because everybody was checking in for the yearbook Aluminum Siding Trade Show and Convention that started today. In a way, it was good that her first day was so busy, because she hadnt had time to be nervous. precisely today, most of the hotels guests were compl ete attending the show at the convention centre of attention downtown and the Metropolitan was relatively quiet. Amanda gazed across the opulent lobby at the commit of house ph wizards.A middle-aged womanhood in a tight, leopard-print jumpsuit was speaking angrily into one of the telephones, her free arm, festooned with gold and black bracelets, gesticulate in the air as she pounded home her points to the unfortunate soul on the other end of the line. At this distance Amanda could faintly hear the clicking of the bracelets unless could non make start what the woman was saying. Finally the woman slammed the murderer down in its cradle and started smellinging frantically around the lobby. When her look settled on Amanda, the woman grabbed the gold vinyl suitcase at her feet and strode purposefully toward the summit desk. Oh, please, thought Amanda, dont come over here, go prattle to Ron But the woman stayed on course, and Amanda had plenty of time to engineer in the co mmodious hair, the heavy makeup, and the wounded, self- dependableeous expression out front the woman halt in present of her and said Theres something wrong with your phones Maam? I cant regulate through to my hubbys room. I kept dialing 326, moreover I couldnt eviscerate through. Ron stepped in smoothly. Our house phones no longer connect directly to the guestrooms. Yeah, yeah, thats what the operator said. Thats non very convenient, you see, the woman responded. We changed our system in order to provide more(prenominal) privacy and protective cover for our guests, Ron continued. Did the operator reach your husband for you? No, she started explaining why dialing 326 wasnt working and I told her what I thought of her new system before I hung up on her. From her training, Amanda remembered that you were never to intrust callers through to guestrooms if they only holded to be put through to a certain room number. You always had to ask whom the soulfulness was calli ng, so you could con unassailable that the person knew the guest and was not plain calling rooms at random.Thieves, for example, had been known to call room laterwards room until they found one that was empty, then go ransack the room. Whats your husbands consult? Amanda asked. We can try to connect you here at the front desk. Virgil Jones, the woman responded. Amanda moved to the computer and called up Virgils reservations record. Yes, a Virgil H. Jones was registered in Room 326. Mr. Jones examine in to Room 326 yesterdaylet me try and reach him for you. Amanda picked up the front desk telephone, dialed, and listened to the phone ring ten times. Sorry, theres no answer. Thats okayjust bear me a line to the room then, ordered the woman. Immediately a red flag went up for Amanda. New as she was, she was well informed that key control was an extremely important issue at the Metropolitan. Im sorry, maam, alone its against our policy to give out keys to guests who are not registered. Mr. Jones is the only person registered for that room. But Im his married woman Look, the woman rummaged through her bag and came up with her drivers permission, heres my I. D. Im Sheila Jones.See? Thats me there. Im sorry, Ms. Jones, Amanda said. Had your husband told us you were coming, we would have noted it in the reservations record and thered be no problem. But were not allowed to let unregistered guests into rooms. She glanced at Ron. Thats even off, Ms. Jones, Ron said. Wed do the resembling thing for you. Its actually against the law to admit an unregistered guest to a room. My husband doesnt know Im coming. I didnt think I would pass off work, nevertheless my boss finally gave in. Sheila Jones put on an ingratiating smile. cannistert you chip the rules just this once?I in reality want to surprise Virgil. Im sorry, Amanda said, we really cant. She looked at Ron again for support, and he nodded in agreement. Is your husband here for the hulking c onvention? Amanda asked. Sheila nodded sulkily. Then hes probably at the Grandthorpe right nowthats the big convention hotel downtown. Thats where the trade show is. Ill never find him there, Sheila fumed. Youre welcome to look around in our restaurant and lounge to make sure hes not still here. It would be a lot easier if youd just let me in the room, Sheila grumbled. Im tiredit was a long drive. Amanda tried to give Sheila her best empathetic smile. Im sorry. Ill tell you whatif you cant find him, let us know and well put you in other guestroom temporarily so you can freshen up. I aver thatll have to do, Sheila said wearily. Im not gonna bother sounding for him. Im tired, and if hes not in his room hes probably at the convention like you said. Just give me a room. After Sheila collected a key to Room 287 and left wing in a huff, Ron congratulated Amanda for a job well done. You did the right thing. Her I. D. proves shes Sheila Jones, but it doesnt prove shes Virgils wife. She probably really is his wife, and enneadty-nine times out of a hundred probably nothing bad would happen if we let a wife or a husband or a chum salmon or somebody into a room. But its not worth fetching a chance on violating the privacy or compromising the natural rubber of our guests. Its that one time in a hundred that can draw out to serious trouble. conveyfully, Sheila did not make another appearance and the rest of the morning time passed uneventfully. Just after Amanda re sullen to the front desk after lunch, a short, balding fellow in a shiny blue suit approached the desk and gave her a big smile. Hi, Im Virgil Jones, Room 326.Any messages or mail for me? No, Mr. Jones, but someone was asking well-nigh you. A Ms. Sheila Jones was here. She said she was your wife and wanted to wait for you in your room, but we had to turn her down. Virgil looked startled rather than pleased. Where is she now? We put her in another room so she could freshen up. Let me call her an d let her know youre here. Amanda called Room 287 and in a few minutes Sheila appeared in the lobby. Hi, nestling Virgil called out when he saw her, rushing up and giving her a bear hug. Sheila looked at Amanda over Virgils shoulder and tried to pull out. Thats enough, honey. She extracted herself and approached the front desk. Thanks for the room, she said to Amanda. I feel so much wear after my shower. Youre welcome. I forgot to bring my room key down with me. bear I return it later, or do you want it right away? Ill be moving over to Virgils room now. Just set aside it in the room, thats fine, Amanda said. Do you need both help with moving your luggage? I can send a bellperson up. Virgil shook his head. We can handle it. Thanks. __________________ The abutting day Amanda experienced her first time alone at the front desk.Ron had an early dental appointment and wouldnt be in until 1100. nonetheless though the front desk manager assured Amanda that he would be addr essable in case things got busy, Amanda crossed her fingers and intrustd for an uneventful morning. It was just before nine oclock when Sheila appeared in the lobby again, dressed slightly more conservatively in a tight purple jumpsuit. She smiled at Amanda and held up a prophylactic file stripe key. Good morning. Id like to get into our untroubled accommodate incase, please. Thank goodness I dont have to say no to her again, Amanda thought gratefully. Yes, Ms. Jones, right this way, please. Quickly, Amanda mentally reviewed her training in how to handle safe deposit loge requests as she led Sheila into the small safe deposit box room just to the right of the front desk. One side wall contained the bank of safe deposit boxes the master key to all the boxes hung by a chain secured to the wall. Pushed against the opposite wall was a abbreviate table with a file box on it. Lets see, Amanda mused, Im supposed to ask for identification, pull the card, get the card signed, initi al the cardokay, I can do this. sack I see some identification, please? Sheila groaned. Not this again, she grumbled.She undetermined her handbag and came up with her drivers license again. Thank you, Amanda said, and looked under the Js in the file box for the right card. There it was Box 116, signed out by Mr. Virgil H. Jones. willing you sign the card, please? And Ill initial your signature. Amanda gave Sheila the card and a pen and indicated the narrow table. Sheila signed the card and gave the pen to Amanda Amanda initialed the card and recorded the date and time. Thank you. Amanda put the card back in the file box. Now Ill put my key in the box and turn it. Amanda found Box 116 and moody the master key in the appropriate lock. And now your key. Sheila stepped forward and move her key in the second lock. Amanda swung the box door open, pulled the long, narrow draftsperson from the box, and handed the draftsperson to Sheila. Ill be right outsidejust let me know when youre finished. That wont be necessary, Sheila saidsomewhat grimly, Amanda thought. This will only take a second. Amanda turned her back discreetly while Sheila placed the drawer on the table. Amanda heard the metallic creak of the lid lifting, then a stabbing intake of breath from Sheila, and then something like a sob. Amanda resisted the caprice to turn around.Its none of our business, its rude, and it might get us into trouble, she remembered Ron telling her, so never watch guests get into their safe deposit boxes. Amanda was thinking of softly leaving the room when she heard the lid close and Sheila said, Okay, Im done, thank you. Amanda turned around and took the box from Sheila. The lighting in the room made it heavily to tell, but Amanda thought Sheilas eyes were redder and puffier than before. Amanda returned the drawer to its box, swung the box door shut, and turned both keys in their locks. She let the master key hang by its chain and handed the guest key back to S heila. Is there anything else I can do for you? No, thanks, Sheila sniffed with a sad smile. Youve done quite enough. __________________ The attached day was Amandas day off. Ron was at the front desk with another guest wait on representative named Dennis when Virgil Jones approached just after 8 a. m. , looking puzzled. This is going to go away like a strange question, he said, buthave you seen my wife? No, sir, not this morning, Ron replied. I didnt hear her get up, and her suitcase is gone. Virgil rubbed his chin for a moment, then shrugged. Im sure shell turn up, he turned to go. Like a bad penny, he said under his breath as he walked away. About 20 minutes later, Virgil was back at the front desk, looking considerably more anxious than before. I cant find my safe deposit box key, he said to Ron. Do you have a forego? I need to check on something right away. Ron shook his head. Im sorry, sir, but, for security reasons, we dont have spare keys to any of our boxes. What do we do now? Ive got to get into that box Well, you have two resources, Ron said. One, we can call a locksmith. The firm we use is good about coming out right away.Theyre ordinarily here between a half hour and an hour after we calland I believe the last time they came out for this they charged around $80. Whatever the charge is, we will add it to your room bill. Or, two, I can call our keep department and have one of the module punch the lock for us. He can probably be up here in just a few minutes, but if you choose this option theres a $100 charge because well have to replace the lock. Call the maintenance guy, Virgil said grimly. Im not waiting no hour. Very well. Ron moved to the front desk phone and spoke a few words into it before reverting to Virgil. Hell be up right away.Do you remember your safe deposit box number? Virgil was churning his fingers through his hair, a worried expression on his face. No, he said. Maybe 110, 218? I dont know. Well, we can look it u p in our files. Excuse me for a moment. Dennis was busy with another guest, so Ron answered the front desk telephone. When Ron hung up, he smiled and waved to a young man just getting off one of the lobby elevators. Ah, heres Ted already. Ted was in a gray maintenance uniform and carrying a box of tools. Come with me, please, Ron said to Ted, and then, Mr. Jones, right this way. The three men entered the safe deposit box room.Ron opened the file box and turned to Virgil. Can I see some I. D. , please? Virgil pulled out a alter wallet and gave Ron his drivers license. Thank you. Ron put the license on the table and flipped readily to the Js in the file box. There was the card Box 116, signed out by Virgil H. Jones. Ron compared the signature on the license to the signature on the card, nodded, and gave the license back to Virgil. Ron noticed that Virgil had not gotten into the box since he had first opened it up, but that Sheila Jones had signed for it yesterday. Ron looked at the initials alongside the signature A. M. Amanda Muldinadoand shook his head. Rookies, he thought. It looks like you reserved box 116, Mr. Jones, Ron said. Sign here, please, and well get it open for you right away. Ron pushed the card over to Virgil before turning to put the master key in the master-key lock for box 116 and turning it. Virgil started to sign the card but stopped. I see my wifes signature here. She got into the box yesterday? Looks like it, Ron said. empennage them Ted set down his box of tools. After a couple of sharp blows, Ted said, All set. Ron pulled the long drawer out of box 116 and handed it to Virgil. Well leave you alone now, Mr.Jones, Ron said quickly, and motioned for Ted to exit. Ron was hardly back at the front desk before Virgil reappeared. Is everything all right, Mr. Jones? No, everything is not all right, Virgil said in measured tones. Somethings missing. Rons totality started to pound. Oh, no Whats missing? Can you describe it? There was a square(p) gold I. D. bracelet in there with the name Mitzy engraved on it, Virgil said grimly. Now its gone. Oh, no, Ron said again. And now my wife is gone, Virgil continued. I hope this hotel makes a lot of money, he said with quiet fury, because the Metropolitans going to open for my divorce. Discussion Questions Several issues are raised in this Case Study relating to class discussion on Security, Innkeepers Act and the concealing Act. Why does Virgil Jones think that he might have grounds to induce the Metropolitan to pay for his divorce? Or, to put it another way, did Amanda, Ron, or any other hotel ply member make any serious mistakes in dealing with Virgil or Sheila? If so, what were those mistakes? Point out in your discussion the things the hotel staff did right in relation to guest security. Explain in

“Dead Poets Society” essay Essay

What ideas about breakthrough argon conveyed by hammer Weirs Dead Poets Society and iodine other text? The process of denudation has the ability to greatly daze an individual consequenting in them having mod ideas and perceptions on themselves and others. These ideas differ for all individuals as each has their own experiences and develops from them in unique and personal panaches. This is glide byly unmixed in the film Dead Poets Society by Peter Weir as it is a text which significantly focuses on the ideal of contrast. byout this concept viewers are allowed an in-depth demonstration of the protagonists Neil Perry and Todd Andersons negative and positive experiences which rent been ca employ by their strive to achieve individualism after a newly English teacher John Keating introduces his pupils to poetry and lighten thinking attitude. firework a song co-written and performed by Katy Perry is also a text which conveys that discovery is a process that can survive to enlightenment and en commensurate integrity to be more acceptant of who they once they disregard the socially constructed expectations that view media communicates.Throughout Perter Weirs Dead Poets Society viewers are able to understand that discovery itself is a process of transformation that can lead to new ideas which in turn endure positive effects on an individual. This can be seen in the scene where Professor Keating educates his students the act of conformity. When Keating states its interpretation as the difficulty of maintaining your own beliefs in the face of others the interview are able to identify the contrast between the professor Keating and principal Nolans attitudes and values towards educations throughout the mise-en-scene displaying Nolan in a small, dark and mysterious elbow room caged by the large steel poles runing the strict and prestigious nature of the institution. This allows the audience to realise that the students are able to better develop their skills when allowed to be free from the forces of conformity the institution brings. When the students are told to find their own walk it clear that they do so to achieve becoming their own unique individual.Furthermore, during the final result of the film a full shot is utilised to capture the bulk of students standing on their display boards portraying the extent to which professor Keating has made an shock on his pupils. Earlier in the film Keating too stood on his table to remind himself to look at things in a different way hence it can be said that his student are side by side(p) in his footsteps allowing the professor to depart from the academy without any regret. Even though discovery may lead to new understandings and perceptions these may not result in positive ways but will also have the ability to result in negative outcomes for both individual and those closes by .As a result of Keatings newly introduced philosophies, protagonist Neil Perry further endeavours to take his passion and desire to become an actor however does so by forging his laminitiss signature on a fancy form that would allow him to perform his act. When Neils father objects to him pursuing his dreams, he is told that he will go to Harvard and become a doctor.Through the use of the low camera angle looking up towards his father, sloshed facial expression displaying authority and superiority are apparent. As a result viewers are able to comprehend that Neil is in no position to change or even slightly alter his fathers decision. However, when Neils mother advises that he get some quietude a close up of the individuals face presents a mysterious and worrying smile resulting in the creation of suspense and confusion in the audience. The mise-en-scene displaying a weak and still hand behind a table centimetres away(predicate) from a gun, viewers are able to reach the tragic expiry of Neil Perrys death in a confronting and unexpected way.Firework a song co-written and perf ormed by Katy Perry is a text which significantly exemplifies the experience of discovering something that has been secret by of society and in particular the expectations that are constantly constrained upon individuals through mass media that must be disregarded to proceed to the new finding. The music video features a number of characters overcoming numerous social issues such(prenominal) as body image, homosexuality, bullying, the effect of conflict between parents on their children and the credenza of having a medical illness. Throughout the chorus the term firework is used to symbolise the spark inside all individuals that must first be ignited or in other words believed in to enable them to achieve their goals and accomplish their dreams.Additionally, fireworks are used as visual metaphors to represent the time when one becomes enlightened and acceptant of who they truly are disregardless of what society expects of them. In conclusion, both texts Dead Poets Society by Pete r Weir and Firework by Katy Perry complement each other in the mavin that they both successfully provide the audience with diverse concepts and ideas of discovery. Whether they may be negative or positive, each educates viewers in having varying ideas about the consequences that may be caused by ones decision after they access new, first understandings and perceptions of themselves.

Nature vs. Nurture: Do We Have Control Over Our Destiny Or Is It Pre-determined For Us?

Do we shake off observe as over our destiny or is it pre-determined for us? This age-old question, which has been pondered since the age of Socrates, continues to shake up much fight today. Psychologist will favor one side or the other with much controversy on the issue. They have been onerous to condone or excuse compassionate behavior in order to have a deeper understanding for teaching. M any professions have solicited the assistance of psychologists in trying to pre-determine the psychology of potential people for argonas such as employment and placement.The intelligent profession has sought out psychologists on twain sides to prove their theories of the kind abilities, behavior ex deviseations or predictions of behavior of a defendant or plaintiff. clubhouse has been fighting a continuous fight from the debate keep to record, going away behind a number of bewildered social scientist. Yet we salvage love to phrase everything in toll of one turn or the other, rat her than both. (Waal, 1999). In the educational profession, understanding the balance or motivate of both nature and nurture is essential to designing an effective plan for severally pupils advancement.Even though, today, it is widely accepted that the pip-squeaks culture interacts with his or her patrimonial traits to determine the kind of giving he or she will become, it is worth looking at this centuries large debate. The central dispute in the study of military somebodynel get under ones skinment is the nature-nurture controversy. It is the keep debate over whether the individuals various traits and characteristics are influenced more by inborn factors or by experience. The nurture debate stresses the grandness of cultural influences and other aspects of the environment that influence human development.Theorists, who share this view, consider that human development can be controlled by manipulating the environment. The nature debate refers to the idea that biological h eredity is the only factor that determines differences among individuals. temper refers to the traits, capacities, and limitations that each individual genetically acquires from his/her parents. Some of those traits are physical characteristics, diseases, athletic and noetic abilities, etc.At the end of the eighteenth century, a debate began near the nature of human beings, the influences of the mind on behavior, and the differences between humans and animals. On one side of the debate were people who believed that newborn babies were born without any knowledge or skills. John Locke, a British philosopher, suggested in the 1690s that the human infant is like a blank slate, on which experience in the form of human learning and it writes messages on the infants unformed mind. This view is known as empiricism.It credits human development to experience. What directs human development is the stimulation people receive as they are nurtured (Berger, 1988). some(prenominal) years later, Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that children are capable of discovering how the world operates without adult teaching. He believed that children should be allowed to grow as nature dictates, without guidance or pressure from adults. This view is known as nativist. It argues that peoples heredity is the mold that shapes development (Cranston, 1991).John Watson, the founder of behaviorism, argued that the environment and not nature, was the key to human development. His supposition states that most human behavior is learned, or conditioned. In 1918, he began conducting a series of highly controversial experiments with children. The results of these experiments demonstrated that an infant could learn to timidity an object he or she previously perceived to be harmless, and he or she could come to fear similar objects. From his experiments, Watson inferred that children learn everything from skills toNature vs. genteelness 4 fears. Watson showed that childhood learning experiences coul d have lasting effects in peoples lives (Crain, 2000). In Sigmund Freuds speculation, development was the product of both indwelling urges and external conditions, particularly childrens sexual and aggressive urges and how parents handled them. His theory incorporated both nature and nurture. Freud was the founder of Psychoanalysis, a theory that stresses the influence of unconscious motivation and drives on not needed all human behavior (Bee, 2002).In the 1970s, the theory of Jean Piaget dominated the developmental psychology study. Piaget suggested that nature and nurture are inseparable and interactive. His theory states that at each age, people develop schemas. Schemas are general ways of thinking about ideas and objects. According to him, as children actively manipulate and explore their surroundings, internal mental images of objects and actions guide them. dumbfound modifies these schemas. These schemas, in turn, organize past experiences and provide guidelines for unders tanding future experiences. gay development is accomplished by a process of organization and fitting (Berger, 1988). Erik Ericksons psychosocial theory of human development proposes that individuals are influenced by the fundamental interaction of physical characteristics, personal experiences, and social forces. In his view, each culture greatly influences each persons ability to deal with the most meaningful tasks of psychological development (Crain, 2000). Nowadays, it is accepted in the developmental psychology field that both heredity and environment contribute to human development.The degree to which nature or nurture influences Nature vs. Nurture 5 a persons development varies according to the different characteristics. Although some human characteristics are more influenced by external characteristics and others are more influenced by internal conditions, nature and nurture interact to determine behavior. The environment encourages or discourages the looking at of an indi viduals inherent potential at the same time, genetic characteristics affect an individuals environment. In other words, in terms of human development, nurture and nature complement each other.ReferenceBee, H. (2002). squirt and adolescent development (9th ed.). Boston, MA Pearson Custom Publishing. Berger, K. S. (1988). The developing person throught the biography (2nd ed.). New York, NY Worth Publishers. Crain, W. (2000). Theories of development Concepts and applications (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New island of Jersey Prentice Hall. Cranston, M. (1991). The noble savage Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Chicago, IL University of Chicago Press. Waal, F.,(1999). The End of Nature versus Nurture. Scientific American. Retrieved March 9, 2005, from http//www.sfu.ca/dant/projects/psyc100/de_waal_nature_nurtute.pdf.

Productive and Counterproductive Behavior in Organizations Essay

If the leader of an presidential term you were considering do an investment in was consistently tardy to meetings and procrastinated deadlines, would it make you reconsider where you were position your money? You want to know that the just aboutbody has ambition and is organized. The ideal person would be right on time, prepargond, and be eager to conduct business. These ar some of the differences of productive and counterproductive behaviors. And they can directly influence to the success, or failure, of the organization.I would define counterproductive behavior as having the opposite incumbrance of the desired goal of the organization, whether it is intentional or not (The Oxford Pocket dictionary of Current English,2009). It would require an employee to be doing, or not doing things detrimental to the organizations goals. Things ilk obsessive absenteeism, harassing coworkers, or be the bully around the office are some examples of unintentional counter productivity. Now, an employee who is angry or upset with the company, or maybe has interest in moving to another organization, can be very counterproductive.This employee could sell trade secrets, intentionally supply incorrect information, or just stop caring all together in either detail of their work. And depending on the importance of that employee, that can contribute to the failure of the organization. procreative behavior is moderateing in mind the goal of your organization and all doing or deciding on something if it is spillage to positively affect that goal. both(prenominal) examples of productive behaviors are always being on time, being efficient, and rough-and-ready at achieving your own personal goals as well as your organizations.These are the kinds of people that you would want motivating the rest of your employees. If that positive attitude and avidity is spread around, that can only be even more expert to the organization. Simply having an employee with a productive attitu de can suck in an abominable impact on your organization. If they start all day being proactive and honestly giving their crush to the organization, other people are going to recognize this, and want to return that attitude. The employee will see it in their achievements, as well as others around them.Their job performance will be outstanding because someone with productive behaviors will always be just and loyal to the organization. Any employee having counterproductive behavior is going to be a liability to your organization. Their poor job performance will have a direct effect on everyone around them. Even if it is something as subtle as being five minutes late for work, three or four times a week, it needs to be addressed. It will piddle a negative environment for your employees.Those who are on time every day will be resentful of this employee, and feel he is being given special treatment. If it is a constant problem with a specific employee or department, it is crucial to find out why and solve the get laid quickly before it has major negative effects on your organization as a whole. To persuade your employees to be a little more productive in their behaviors, try things like offering bonuses every calendar month for employees who are on time every day and are clocked in for all hours scheduled.Also, try ensuring that the right tools and equipment is made available. It will help to keep operations of the organization orderly and efficient. And, in turn, makes it easier for your employees to be productive and too form those habits themselves. The best way to discourage counterproductive behaviors is to basically have a non-tolerance policy. Your organization needs to make it known that it does not patronise tardiness, absenteeism, harassment, or any other acts that negatively affect the organization without some sort of repercussions.That, coupled with employees seeing the rewards and opportunities offered for being productive, should definitel y help detur counterproductive behavior. In closing, productive and counterproductive behaviors can basically make, or break, an organization. leading need to do everything in their power to ensure their employees have the best tools and opportunities available. While also remembering to keep them productive and lead by example, you have the start of an extraordinary organization.

Google, Inc. and China Essay

A big part of the big if is the Chinese commie Party (CCP) and its one-party rule over that country. Nevertheless, the CCP intends to incorporate the Internet and digital networks into its strategic economic development plans and help it to become a exposety element in the network society. Then-president Jiang Zemin is quoted in Foster and Goodman (2000 xii cited in Hassan, 2004 p. 60) as saying that Internet technology is going to change the internationalist situation, military combat, production, culture and economic aspects of our daily lives significantly.He omitted to mention governing in his list, of course, and the CCP struggles, vainly, to control what growing numbers of Mainland Chinese read, understand and hear on the Internet. In china, the popular depend engine Google is classified as a media company and gate is restricted. Until recently, Web- pages served by Google to users in China had to illuminate through filters set up by the Chinese government that abolis h schooling the State does non want people to see. In 2006, Google inform that it would set up a local site in China, to snap off serve the China market.The site would feature only sanitized search results that met the approval of the Chinese government. So next time you argon in Beijing, try searching for Falun Gong, the social group that so upsets the ruling party, and see what, if anything you get (Meza, 2007 p. 116). Good has significantly yet unknowingly reached the borders of Chinese efforts to corroborate the presence of communism and the innate government rule however, the unbiased and signal information imposed in the search engines of Google threatens all these political efforts (Hassan, 2004 p.61). backcloth Chinese users love the Google Internet search engine because it reads Chinese characters. In mid-2002 the Chinese government blocked access to Google and tried to limit access to the CNN and BIIC web sites (Sloan 2002 cited in Hassan, 2004 p. 60). However, for Chinese users with a lower limit of Internet knowledge and a willingness to defy their government, it was simply a affair of a few mouse-clicks to detour around those sites blocked and limited by the authorities and search or browse through a Google, CNN and 61 mirror-site instead.Censoring the Internets content, especially its political content, seems set to he a constant (and ultimately unsuccessful) rearguard action for the CCP (Hassan, 2004 p. 60-61). Google technologies could result in states creation able to exert much greater influence through the Internet. engineering will advance to make censorship easier, even automated. Google has long promoted the example of access to information. Its mission, according to a Goggle attorney, is to organize the worlds information and make it universally useful and accessible. Google concluded that the company could not provide a high level of service in China without a local presence. The Chinese government may well adopt found a das h to control this vast amount of information using a variety of filtering software. One method uses filtering technology that in effect disables features of the search engine Google by tapping into snapshots of web pages stored on Google serverswhich are based outside China that formerly provided a common way for Chinese to view sites that were otherwise blocked (Landow, 2006 p. 324).

Psychology for Social Care Practice Essay

In this assessment I am going to be report a case study on rosaceous. arise is the youngest of five children, she has champion sister and three br otherwises. rosebush has been diagnosed with a r ar chromosome deletion on her twenty-second chromosome, it is c all(prenominal)ed 22q13 deletion syndrome as well as shaftn as Phelan Mcdermid syndrome afterwards the doctors Katy Phelan and burbot Mcdermid who first discoered this syndrome whilst studying chromosome 22 and the effect that deletions and mutations has on individuals in the early 1990s the first person diagnosed was in 1996, currently thither argon only approximately one thousand masses round the world diagnosed, and only one hundred approximately in the uk. It is intellection to be massively under diagnosed at pre move. Phelan Mcdermid syndrome affects individuals by causing disabilities in diverse ways depending on the size of the deletion, where the deletion is on the 22nd chromosome and other genes in that reg ion that be are bear on. Phelan Mcdermid syndrome affects the people diagnosed in differing ways mainly it affects the individuals wrangle, a majority of those diagnosed with Phelan Mcdermid syndrome are completely non verbal, it affects mobility ranging from a person never be adapted to passing make up or collaring at a later st days than would be the usual, it also can cause feeding problems and some people affected suffer from seizures. go has a smaller deletion and so her check is on the milder end of the spectrum.Phelan Mcdermid syndrome affects pink wines speech ability, also her muscles are weaker and she has coordination problems, she is diagnosed with dyspraxia, and has also recently been diagnosed with autism. Phelan Mcdermid syndrome is a genetic cause of autism. In my sentiment although it is a genetic disability that Rose has I feel that there are also nature and nurture issues also involved. I hark back that as Rose has been encouraged to communicate and also speak that this has helped her immensely, where as other parents with children with Phelan Mcdermid syndrome can be to ready to accept that the child powerfulness never speak and might not be as further for their child to become independent. There are other factors also involved, the localization where Rose lives she has been lucky to direct had a lot of time worn come to the fore(p) on speech therapy, where as other children living in different locations in the uk and around the world havent been as rosy-cheeked and so have not been given the same nurturing that Rose has au thustic both from the local services avail adequate to(p) but also from her family. Although this is a genetic condition people with this syndrome will still inherit family traits aswell, the pig colour and eye colour for example will be genetically linked to the parents genes. In my opinion although Rose has autism I believe that her world the youngest of five children has been of benefit to her as this has helped with her social skills and for her to be able to part and to take turns, it has benefited her in her creation able to be amongst noise and people. If she were possibly an only child she would have had to have been taught some of these skills which she has been able to learn naturally.Rose is seven years old, she is a pretty little missy with a lovely nature.When Rose was born she appeared to be normal she met all her first milestones, sitting up and walking on time, it was only when she sullen two and wasnt developing her speech that her parents started to worry and took her to the GP who then occupyred Rose to a paediatrician. The paediatrician took a blood sample which was sent away for testing and the parents were called back to be informed of Roses diagnosis precisely before her third birthday. Due to some chromosome abnormalities being inherited the parents both had blood tests, in this case it was a de novo which nitty-gritty it was not genetical ly inherited from the the parents. From the age of three Rose started speech therapy, she has also had physiotherapy and occupational health input. Rose attends a mainstream schoolhouse at the moment and has additional teaching ache, she has learning difficulties but is qualification small steps of progress in her learning. Rose is behind for her age in her learning by active 3 years in my opinion, she is still struggling with learning to read, write and count. Although Rose has autism she is a fond and sociable little girl. In my opinion this has been nurtured within her home emphasise as she has the elderly siblings from whom she has benefited being around, and having four siblings it has been a busy family line in terms of Rose being exposed to confrontation modern people, although as her siblings are all older than her by a summate of years Rose is more comfortable around older people than she is within her own peer age groups, causing Rose to have some difficulti es in forming friendships with other children her own age.One of the physiological theories that would accept to Rose would be Maslows hierarchy of inescapably for Rose to be able to develop to her full potential. This would include her basic physiological call for being met, for example Rose will need to have activities interconnected into her day to help build her muscle strength but equally she ineluctably to have plenty of rest so as not to suffer with fatigue. She needs gui trip the light fantastic in her safety needs as she is not able to to actualize safe choices yet for example when it would be safe to cross the road or when it is appropriate and to which adults to show affection, these would be taking care of her psychological and physical safety needs. Also referable to Rose having autism she is very keen on having routine and familiarity. Rose needs to be able to be loved and have a soul of belongingness so she is able to learn to trust and to accept people, she needs to be a part of groups and she does this by attending a local dance school and has recently performed in her annual dance show presentation, and as Rose has a large family she has a sense of belonging.Esteem needs are another(prenominal) of Maslows hierarchy of needs, these mean that Rose needs to feel respected, she also needs to have self-respect and self-esteem, these are issues that are currently being dealt with at school following a meeting about how to help Rose integrate more with her peers, one of the ideas is that the other children are included with things that Rose likes to do, this will then not make Rose feel like she has to conform to the rules and structures being imposed by the other children but will help the other children integrate with Rose. Rose is having her cognitive needs being met by her having one to one support to help her with her learning by helping her to stay focused and to turn on tasks she is given in her class. I feel that Rose just touches into Aesthetic needs as she is autistic she likes to have order and symmetry, she likes to deliver her room tidy and also likes to line things like her toy animals into lines.human-centred psychologist Carl Rogers is another theory which can be applied to Rose as he talks about the hearty person and the unhealthy person, I feel that for Rose to be able to be a healthy person and to be able to be as fully execution an individual as she is able to, it is important for Rose to feel judge for who she is. This means that she is accepted for being who she is without any expectations or conditions placed on her, Rose is loved unconditionally within her family and the whole family accept her for who she is. It is also important for Rose not to become an unhealthy person by altering herself and her behaviour to conform to unrealistic expectations, Rose will over time need a lot of help to be able to cope with and identify her different feelings, she will need positive cost increase to build her self-esteem and her self-worth.When Rose was six she became an Aunty as her older sister had a baby boy, Rose has been very excited by this, she has adapted well to a new member of the family, she then welcomed another nephew into the family only ten months later. Rose has been very accepting of her new nephews and her families pastime in helping her older sister in visiting after the two boys. Unfortunately sometimes it can be difficult for Rose to realise that the babies are not able to understand the difference amidst her toys and theirs and she can become frustrated at this. She is also having to learn how to play with the babies as she is not really used to people younger than herself. Rose is very loving towards the boys and wants to be involved in helping to look after them, she likes to be able to give the older baby his tiffin and likes to hold his hand while he is still learning how to walk.Rose has also dealt with bereavement as the first baby her sister was expecting deplorably passed away, this was explained to Rose that the baby had gone to heaven and that she is now an Angel. It is difficult to know exactly how Rose feels about this and how much she understands, but she was very discompose and if she saw a baby for a while after would refer to the Angel baby that is in heaven and she would tell people about the baby girl.Rose has also dealt with her two older siblings moving out of the family home to set up their own homes, she has been a bit muddled at times and has missed having the oldest two at home oddly her older sister as she is very attached to her. Due to Roses communication difficulties her sister is very good at being able to understand what she is trying to say. Rose now enjoys going and having a sleep over at her big sisters and it is also encouraging her license by her being able to stay away from home.It will be be important for Roses future for her to be able to continue to have the opportunities availa ble for her to continue to grow as a person.

Neuropsychological Testing

Clinical neuropsychology is a field with historical origins in both psychology and neurology. The primary activity of neuropsychologists is mind of headspring function through structured and systematic behavioral observation. neuropsychological tests argon designed to examine a variety of cognitive abilities, including speed of information processing, attention, memory, language, and decision maker functions, which are necessary for goal-directed behavior.By interrogation a jog of cognitive abilities and examining patterns of performance in divergent cognitive theaters, neuropsychologists earth-closetnister make inferences round underlying brain function. Neuropsychological testing is an important component of the assessment and treatment of traumatic brain crack, dementia, neurological conditions, and psychiatric disorders. Neuropsychological testing is also an important tool for examining the effects of toxic substances and medical conditions on brain functioning.Before the introduction of neuro resourcefulness techniques like the computed tomography (CAT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the primary focus of neuropsychology was diagnosis. Since clinicians lacked non-surgical methods for directly observing brain lesions or structural abnormalities in living longanimouss, neuropsychological testing was the only personal manner to determine which part of the brain was affected in a devoted patient. Neuropsychological tests can make out syndromes associated with problems in a particular area of the brain.For instance, a patient who performs well on tests of attention, memory, and language, but poorly on tests that require visual spatial skills such as copying a mixed geometric figure or making designs with colored blocks, may have dysfunction in the right parietal lobe, the region of the brain involved in complex processing of visual information. When a patient complains of problems with verbal communication after a stroke, separate t ests that examine payoff and comprehension of language help neuropsychologists identify the location of the stroke in the left hemisphere.Neuropsychological tests can also be used as covering fire tests to see if more extensive diagnostic evaluation is appropriate. Neuropsychological natural covering of elderly people complaining of memory problems can help identify those at risk for dementia versus that experiencing normal age-related memory loss. As neuropsychological testing came to play a less vital role in localization of brain dysfunction, clinical neuropsychologists found new uses for their skills and knowledge.By clarifying which cognitive abilities are impaired or preserved in patients with brain injury or illness, neuropsychologists can predict how well individuals will respond to different forms of treatment or replacement. Although patterns of test scores illustrate profiles of cognitive military posture and weakness, neuropsychologists can also learn a great deal astir(predicate) patients by observing how they approach a particular test. For example, two patients can complete a test in very different slipway yet obtain similar scores.One patient may work behind and methodically, making no errors, while another rushes through the test, making some(prenominal) errors but quickly correcting them. Some individuals persevere despite repeated bereavement on a series of test items, while others refuse to carry after a few failures. These differences might not be unembellished in test scores, but can help clinicians choose among rehabilitation and treatment approaches. Performance on neuropsychological tests is usually evaluated through semblance to the average performance of large samples of normal individuals.Most tests include tables of these normal scores, a good deal divided into groups based on demographic variables like age and reproduction that appear to affect cognitive functioning. This allows individuals to be compared to appropr iate peers. The typical neuropsychological examination evaluates sensation and perception, gross and fine motor skills, basic and complex attention, visual spatial skills, receptive and productive language abilities, recall and fruition memory, and executive functions such as cognitive flexibility and abstraction.Motivation and personality are often assessed as well, particularly when clients are seeking financial wages for injuries, or cognitive complaints are not typical of the associated injury or illness. Some neuropsychologists prefer to use fixed test batteries like the Halstead-Reitan battery or the Luria-Nebraska Battery for all patients. These batteries include tests of a wide range of cognitive functions, and those who advocate their use believe that all functions must be assessed in each patient in order to avoid diagnostic bias or failure to detect subtle problems.The more joint approach today, however, is to use a flexile battery based on hypotheses generated throu gh a clinical interview, observation of the patient, and review of medical records. piece of music this approach is more prone to bias, it has the advantage of preventing unnecessary testing. Since patients often scrape up neuropsychological testing stressful and fatiguing, and these factors can negatively influence performance, advocates of the flexible battery approach argue that tailoring test batteries to particular patients can provide more accurate information.Lezak, Muriel Deutsh. Neuropsychological Assessment. 3rd edition. New York Oxford University Press, 1995. Mitrushina, Maura N. , Kyle B. Boone, and Louis F. DElia. enchiridion of Normative Data for Neuropsychological Assessment. New York Oxford University Press, 1999. Spreen, Otfried and Esther Strauss. A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests Administration, Norms, and Commentary. 2nd Edition. New York Oxford University Press, 1998. Walsh, Kevin and David Darby. Neuropsychology A Clinical Approach. 4th edition. Edinbu rgh Churchill Livingstone, 1999.

Individualism versus Collectivism Essay

The concepts of individualism and communism apply to the definition of societies and individuals deep d make the society. Cultures vary in their levels of individualism/ collectivism fleck individuals within these specific cultures vary on the same dimension. Idiocentric and allocentric be constructs that are rattling important in differentiating consistent variations of an individuals attitudes, beliefs, self-definition, normative bearing and self-definition. Individualism is termed as the persons level of idiocentric while collectivism is the persons level of allocentric (Udehn, 2001).Idiocentric individuals underline much on their deliver goals and needs over those of the grouping to which they belong. They are much independent and self-reliant. On the other hand, allocentric individuals execute to be more cooperative, interdependent and they also prevail a stronger desire to partner with others. In addition allocentric and idiocentric individuals differ in their sou rce of intimacy and companionship to satisfy their several needs and to inflect their self-esteem. For instance, idiocentric obtains their mixer maintenance from peers and best friends while allocentrics obtain their social support from their parents.Individuals with allocentric tendencies have fewer daily but more in-depth discussions than individuals with idiocentric tendencies. People who sway more allocentric or idiocentric tendencies vary in various ways. For instance, the people who tend to be more allocentric have good reliability and inter-correlation thus viewing convergent validity. They are characterized with three main aspects which include individual to group goals, in-group as extension of the self and in-group identity. Individuals who are more idiocentric mainly utilization equity and need in distributing rewards.Individuals who are more allocentric mainly emphasize on the values of cooperation, fairness and honesty while individuals who are more idiocentric pu t much emphasis on values of comfortable life, competition, entertainment and social recognition. Persons who are allocentric receive much and better quality social support while those who are more idiocentric are usually higher(prenominal) in achievement motivation, alienation and greater loneliness. The difference between incorporated and individualist cultures is mainly based on self.In collectivist cultures, the self is more linked to in-group memberships while in individualist cultures self-concept is obtained from independently groups which are based on the varying characteristics and contributions of the individual. In collectivists cultures, there is high trammel to the goals of the in-group and to in-group values and also the maintaining of in-group harmony (Lee & Kelly 1996). In individualistic societies, the aims and the goals of a particular individual are more important and less substance is attached to in-group harmony.Nevertheless, individualism is mainly based on Western cultures while collectivism is related with Eastern cultures. Collectivistic cultures have lower rate of suicide, psychopathology and relatively higher marital satisfaction than individualistic cultures. I consider myself to be idiocentric. This is because I always concentrate on my own goals and achievement over those of the other people and I carry disclose my tasks independently. I normally display a different tendency towards the allocentric.For instance, in making procure of luxury brands, I purchase goods for my own saki pleasures ad interests while the allocentric purchase the luxury brands only with an aim of desire social recognition (McCarthy, 2005). As a result of these differences, conflict and misinterpretation emerges. This is because as a personally motivated consumer, I will purchase the luxury brands for self-interests while on the other hand an allocentric individual who is socially motivated will make the purchase of luxury brands with an aim of desire social recognition.

Let the Punishment Fit the Crime Essay

If you cant do the time dont do the crime or how about let the punishment fit the crime. These devil statements have been around for years. If someone commits a crime they should be punish but to what extent? Should similar crimes be dealt with the same? Such as if a person had a small amount of marijuana for personal use in a car at school, or they had an oz. of marijuana in their vehicle in a school zone. Should the law of nature treat these incidents the same? Or should they treat these cases differently? Some large number believe you should be sentence to a mandatory jail bourne no matter what crime you commit.They feel this will deter plenty from committing crimes. Others feel criminals are doing too much time for mostly none violent criminal activity which put a strain on entire communities. This debate has been brewing for years. Are mandatory minimum sentences doing more harm than good? The movement to establish mandatory minimum sentences for dose related offenses be gan in the primal 1950s and gained momentum in the early 1970s (Carrillo, 2000). At this time the judge had the discretion of giving the suspect a mandatory sentence or a more sonant sentence. In 1986 the law was changed were as the judge lost the power to film a choice in the length of a sentence he or she could impose on an offender.They had to follow strict sentencing guidelines which some judge was even oppose to. The main reason for the mandatory minimum sentences during the before stages in the game was due to the growing drug mickle. This was a losing endeavour by law enforcement to stop the trafficking of drugs into the United States. In the eyes of legion(predicate) this obviously didnt work. As time went on the drug trade became bigger and better with more sophisticated technics and more potent drugs.

A White Heron

A White fighter Alternate Ending The tree clavermed to lengthen itself out as she went up, and to contact further and farther upward. Her pale face glimmered in the new cheerniness that appeared Just over the horizon. She sat atop the mighty tree for a lengthy amount of time, taking in the true beauty of the scenery. As Sylvia was drawn aback with the breathtaking view, a smock flash caught her eyeball. It was the paladin. Sleek, undercover and mind-blowing it careened atop the treetops.She followed it attentively, being sure to know the exact location of its nest. After all, the boy back home was willing to pay a sum of none in trade for the location of the nest. Sylvia carefully do her way down the large tree, as she descended, she tired. When her bare feet reached the familiar skew-whiff ground of the forest, she knew she had a decision to make. Emotions welled up inside her, and she was overinterpreted by her contradictory thoughts. If she told the location of the raspberry bush, it would be killed.If she kept it to herself, however, it would remain in the world, but she would drop out the money and friendship from the hunts part. Her tiny, torn up feet carried her across the forest theme as if they were non her own, as if they were automatic. A blank stare cover her face, and tears plagued her eyes. She loved all woodland beings, especially the paladin. It was antiquated, and it was resplendent. Sylvia knew she was getting close up to arriving back home to her eager grandmother, who wanted the money, and the huntsman, who desperately wanted the heron.It was non a winning situation for her either way. She could not bear to cope with the shucks destroyed, yet was so tempted to keep a friendship as well as help her grandmother. Just as she became entirely overwhelmed with the graveness of the situation, she had reached the gate and heard the ever so friendly voice look to out, Slyly Slyly Have you returned? Panic stricken, she wa lked monotonously to the front porch. dickens eager faces awaited her arrival. One was familiar, wrinkled and warming tender eyes looking softly at her filled with hope.On the contrary, the other was freckled and enthusiastic. The hunting watch looked at her keenly, wiped a crocodile tear from her face and asked, Sylvia, did you find the location of the bird? This was it, when her decision had to be made. Tear stricken and unable to decide, she replied with a tame mimes. She took him into the forest to army him the location of the bird. Sylvia turned away as he raised his gun, eating one final glance at this magnificent creature. One thunderous, echoing shot later, and it was done.The pristine, face cloth feathers were now stained with a crimson rose red blood. As the hunter gathered his kill, he could see the pain in her face. He looked down upon her with a woody nightshade glance, l am sorry to consume taken this creature from your neighborhood rest assured I will compens ate in gainful your grandmother double my original offer. He picked up the small nodding child with arms wrapped around his neck, and returned her home to her grandmother in the first place secerning his final goodbyes and being on his way. A White zep By skies winA White HeronSarah Orne Jewett was born in South Berwrick, Maine (actually she is a native of freshly England). I would say A white Heron is one of Sarahs best regionalism works. Sarah began to write stories at her young age. She wrote stories by her every twenty-four hours life experiences and publishes at her teens. In A White Heron a young misfires conflicted loyalties to her creative activity of herself in nature and to the world of men she will soon hazard are memorable and sensitively drawn.This is the story of nine division old girl named Sylvia. This is the short story of Sylvia who is actually experiencing an innocent childishness life has found a new changes in herself and discover her woman by short period of time. We could say even this story to a fault had the setting of Sarahs own experienced place which is her native New England. In A white Heron Sylvia was living with her grandmother. Sarah started this story by expressing the innocence of the 9 year old little Sylvia. Everybody said that it was a good change for a little maid who had tried to puzzle for eight years in a crowded manufacturing town, but, as for Sylvia herself it seemed as if she never had been alive at all before she came to live at the farm She completely living a life which is opposite of citys life.And Sylvia loved this peaceful and simple life with her grandmother and of gradation the other mother Nature. This story starts with Sylvia searching for her cow in one fine summer evening in the wood forest. It was her great pleasure to hide herself away among the high huckleberry bushes, and though she wore a thundery bell she had made the discovery that if one stood perfectly still it would not ring. It shows that Sylvia and her cow were playing hide and seek on that night while going back their home. Suddenly this little woods girl is horror stricken to hear a clear whistling not very far away. Not a birds whistle, which would have a sort of friendliness, but a boys whistle. During their journey Sylvia heard a boys whistled and met that stranger.He was hunter and he was actually lost his way and asked for Sylvias help and he asked her Speak up and tell me what your name is, and whether you commemorate I plenty spend the night at your house and go out gunning betimes in the morning. Sylvia continued her journey with her cow and the hunter and ultimately they reached home. Mrs. Tilley was standing in the doorway when the trio came into view The young man stood his gun beside the door, and dropped a lumpy game bag beside it then he bade Mrs. Tilley good evening and repeated his warers story. grandmother and the hunter were talking and Sylvia was playing outside in the moonlig ht. But as the sidereal day waned, Sylvia still watched the young man with loving admiration. She had never seen anybody so charming and delightful the womans heart, asleep in the child, was vaguely thrilled by a dream of love. Hunter was very kind to them and he looks handsome. Next day Sylvia found some changes in herself. She felt comparable that she drawn for the stranger. Here some sort of her fair sex send packing be seen instead of her childishness innocence.We can say that her childhood innocence has started to break down backward and her adult feeling comes forward. The hunter was looking for very rare white heron. He came to know that Sylvia is aware of all kind of birds. And he also knew that Sylvia and her grandmother are poor. I cant think of anything I should like so much as to find that herons nest, the handsome stranger was saying, I would admit ten dollars to anybody who could show it to me. He has given a try to know more or less the heron by asking indirec tly to Sylvia by saying he could give ten dollars for anyone who helps him to find that bird.Sylvia could possibly accept that ten dollars and help the hunter to find the white heron. No amount of thought, that night, could decide how many longed-for treasures the ten dollars, so lightly spoken of, would buy. She was thinking about the pine tree which can be seen at the edge of the forest. She knew that she can find the heron over there and she went to that place next day morning itself. She had often climbed there, and knew that higher still one of the oaks upper boughs were set close togethershe went up and reach farther and farther upward. She reached top of the tree.And she came across the best things in her life. We could say she is experiencing the symbol of natures. From the top view she is watching the whole forest she could see the see in the moon view. Finally here is the time for the temperateness rise and ready to find the white heron. Look, look A white spot of him lik e a single floating feather comes up from the dead hemlock and grows larger, and rises, and comes at last, and goes by the landmark pine with chill out sweep of wing plumes his feather for the new day As the sun started to glow Sylvia found the rare white heron and its nest.By arriver top of the big tree it-self shows that Sylvia has reached her womanhood and put aside her childhood innocence. Sylvia now knows the abstruse of white heron but she is decided not to reveal this to anyone. She doesnt want to give up the life of the bird just for ten dollars even though money is important for her. She precious the birds life more than the money. She would not be fulfil and feel happier even with those ten dollars more than how she feels by saving white herons life. Whatever treasures were lost to her, woodlands and summer-time, remember Sylvia has discovered her womanhood by climbing the big tree and by keeping the secret of the bird. She has found the treasures of herself and love towards nature. Sarah explains the importance of moral values of young girls towards this story. She is claimed that Sylvia has taken the right decision at right time. She did what her heart said and she cherished lives and nature more than money. In life our every day to day decision would bring big changes in our future.

Percy Jackson book report Essay

The make is enjoymentny and witty, effortlessly coordinated old mythology and tradition with modern assimilation in a way that makes the hand engrossing and unpredictable. There is colloquy of gods having affairs with mortals, and sooner a bit of marry gods having affairs with other(a) gods. In the pastime prevail report, I lead offset printing introduce the p massive deal of the fib. Then, I pass on chew out rough the writing of the former and the strengths and weaknesses of the scripts. After that, I will talk about the main character and other major character in the books and talk about what I have learnt afterwards meter designateing.At the end, I will portion my over altogether response to the book and my recommendation. Percy Jackson, the main character, is 12 years old. He is a kid who lives with his single mother and is unsure of his dads identity. He has ADHD. He has a rep for getting in trouble. With help from his dress hat booster shot Grover an d his popular teacher Mr. Brunner, he finds out that in that location is a perfectly good enough bill for all of it, that hes non a bad kid, and that he comes by everything quite naturally. He is actually a half-blood of a demigod. His father is Posiedon, God of the Seas, and Percy has or so(a) control over water.After a creepy math teacher transforms into a monster and tries to eat him, Percys friend Grover takes him to Camp Half-Blood. Soon after, he essential go on a indicate with Grover and Annabeth, daughter of Athena, to take back genus Zeuss stolen lightning bolt and prevent a catastrophic war between the gods. On the basis of this short description, you end await that there are a lot of superficial similarities to the potter books. The Lightning Thief is all a precise Harry Potter in concept an orphan, with supernatural powers, who has ii friends (one brainy girl and one geeky crony), several(prenominal) envious rival students.He goes to a special school and h e is passing skilled at the schools favorite sport, chariot racing. He is personally charged with a quest that, should he fail, will result in the razing of the world. The author, Rick Riordan, spends the freshman half of the book exploring the nature of Camp Half-blood and the various demi-god kids, as well as dropping hints about Percys parentage. Although, given the number of clock he makes water misbehave, you would mobilise psyche would have guessed. Fortunately the plot picks up about halfway through, when the whole depicted object of the bolt and thieving gods comes into play.I think the author has done a corking job. Rick Riordan almost seems to be minx the audience with these similarities to Harry Potter. But hes having amusement with it, and his style and humor are refreshing, humorous, and quite different from Rowlings. He gets to the point a lot stronger. The action starts on page 1 and never bread Riordan has a snappy fast-moving style, and he peppers the story with plenty of plot twists and monstrous action. And he has quite a sharp-edged sense of humor. The snarkiness is a bit annoying in the starting time chapter, tho after that, he has produced some fun dialogue.Also, he does a good job with the concept of gods and monster go over the center of the western world, as well as spooking some fun at the gods behavior. For example, Dionysius whining Father loves to punish me. The first time, Prohibition. Ghastly Besides, I found Percy instead annoying in the first peer chapters, but Riordan slowly evolves him from a quite bratty, rebellious kid to a loth hero. Annabeth is an excellent counterpart to Percy, smart and heedful if rather haughty in attitude, magical spell Grover is a likable little sidekick who is chewing his nails over the possibility of losing his job.And the back up cast of gods and demigods is pretty well-drawn, especially the agnate Chiron and embittered Luke. After reading this book, I revalue to Percys courage. Although he is exclusively twelve, he is powerful and strong. Percy Jackson has to protect himself and a ilk his friends from the many monsters that dared to attack him. He tries his best to prevent a war between the gods and take back Zeuss stolen lightning bolt. It reminds me that we always suppose that we are excessively young to make some great accomplishments, but, actually, we can do it if we believe we canEven though the book doesnt express its message obviously, through reading the story, I learn that we have to acknowledge about our weakness and strength. Also, we cant finish something if there are only you. Just like the book, Percy defeats all the Hellenic monsters and prevents the war successfully with the help and keep up from his friends, Grover and Annabeth. We need our friends proud of(p) help to overcome difficulties. All in all, I was amazed at how much I enjoyed this book. The book is full of magic, and mystery, and adventure.At first, I only began to read the stories because I had watched this books movie version at the cinema. The movie is marvelous. And to me, a book must be worth-seeing as it has to be good enough to vex into a film. As I went farther along in the book, it became to a greater extent exciting. I was incessantly desired to read this book more and I found it hard to put down. It has so much going on. You could roll your entire curriculum around for quite some time. I would immerse myself in completely.In fact, I was in rupture at the end of the book non because the ending was depressing which went deep into my heart. It leaves the approach open for more adventures from Percy Jackson. Anyway, I like this book as it has a little bit of everything danger, heroes, villains, action, mystery, and adventure. Its funny sometimes, and alarming sometimes, and powerful sometimes, and even sad sometimes, but its a story that will keep you turning the pages as fast as your eyes can read the words. It is a whole ne w and fun way of looking at the Hellenic myths. I highly recommend this book to all of you

Ship Accidents

ABSTRACTSafety may be defined as an delicious state of risk by society. In this respect, for prizeing the current arcticty direct of transfers, it is unavoidable to quantify the risk level of the direct world fleet, thus estimate and assess the basic contributors to risk, namely the absolute frequency of ocean strokes and the extent of their consequences.As this subject deals with a systematic analysis of transport diagonals in recent years and evaluates the current level of caoutchouc for the majority of get off subtypes contribute in the world fleet, namely, tankers, bulk political machineriers, containerships rider and cruise ships, passenger Ro-Ro incubus vessels, Ro-Ro cargo ships, general cargo vessels, reefer ships, car carriers, fishing vessels, LNG and LPG carriers.IntroductionThe history of maritime transport is marked by ship accidents with partly disastrous consequences on human being lives and impact on society and the naval environment. In respon se to these disastrous accidents, to a greater extent and more new requirements and amendments of existing regulations for the safe maritime transport were introduced by the outside(a) Maritime Organization (IMO), as this paper gives an overview of the global safety level of altogether basic merchandiser ship types in terms of accidents occurrence, frequencies and consequences.For each ship type, accidents occurred deep down the time full point 1990-2012 argon presented and analyze with respect to the degree of accident severity, accident category and accidents geographic atomic number 18a, number of fatalities and enumerate losses of ships. Furthermore, the total accident frequency and frequencies per main accident categories are presumptuousness as intimately as comparative degree results among the different ship types.The ultimate culture of this investigation is the assessment of the relative safety level per ship type in order to identify those ship types that are mo re prone to marine accidents (per ship type), possible historical trends, and geographical areas, where accidents more often happen. Frequencies and basic consequences were investigated for the entire period of interest (i.e. 2012), as well as separately for the last decade of the analyse period.The source of the analyzed accidental entropy is the IHS Sea-web database and the analysis pertains to the generic ship types as defined by the particular database namely, loudness carriers, Passenger and Cruise ships, Passenger Ro-Ro cargo vessels, Ro-Ro cargo ships, General Cargo vessels, joystick ships, Car carriers, Fishing vessels, LNG and LPG carriers.The analysis of accident records was performed for the time period 1990-2012 we included those accidents associated with merchant passenger and cargo ships, regardless ship size, however built after 1980. operational fleet at risk has been measured from the Lloyds Register of Shipping database for all the afore-mentioned ship types .The output of the particular calculations was compared with corresponding data from Clarksons SIN and a rather right-hand(a) fit of the respective results was recorded.The presented results related to cellular Containerships and Large Crude Oil tankers (greater than 60,000 DWT) are coming from two earlier terminate research projects of NTUA, namely CONTIOPT (2011-2013) and SAFEDOR (2005-2009), as well as from internal NTUA research (Eliopoulou et al. 2012, 2013).

Od of Whole Food Market Essay

cosmos presidential termal behavior and structure atomic number 18 find parts in leading a confederation to be efficient and successful. Organizational diagnosis moulds have been gived to entirelyow companies to scrutinize themselves to be sure that they atomic number 18 utilizing these key occurrenceors correctly. When a firm conducts an organisational diagnosis it is performed to disclose specialisms and weaknesses in its systems thus ontogenesis measures to improve the organisations performance. Knowing which warning to hire is critical beca routine misusing patterns could lead to inaccurate findings. In the following pages I leave behind hold forth and compargon many another(prenominal) nonpluss to include the 7S poser, the congruence type, and the Burke-Litwin pretence. After discussing a few publishings that unscathed Foods commercialize (WFM) is face I go forth recommend which posture is outdo worthy for them and explain why. Force Field psychoanalysisThis model commits an organizational diagnosis to identify driving forces busheling a smart set (F wholeetta, 2005). Force Field analysis encap suitables a company to identify what causes replace and what hinders win over within a certain organization. This will allow an organization to develop measures that will allow the organizations driving forces to be maximized turn the restraining forces ar at the same quantify limited to allow the organization to be more efficient. The drawback to this model is that it is extremely dewy-eyed and is non the best model for define specific problems it more or slight will allow a company to reach a desired severalize of affairs and nonhing else. Leavitts formThis model has proletariat variables, technological variables, structure variables and human variables. The model drive out be utilise to estimate how to change in sensation of the variables will expunge the separates, and is best employ in analysis con cerning organizational structure and human resources. The force play in this model lays in its simplicity notwithstanding this throne also be viewed as a weakness because the output from the model open firenot provide direct causal statements relating to the variables. Likert schema AnalysisThis analysis is best use in an organization to examine issues relating to motivation, communication, moveion, destruction setting, decision making, control and performance. The Likert System is of the essence(predicate) in analyzing management systems within an organization and how they affect performance (Falletta, 2005). This model evaluates employee perceptions and how they affect individual and group performance. The main strength of this model is that is uses determined scales which make sagacity more qualitative and easier. The drawback of this model is that it is in reality only trusty for examining the social face affecting an organization and doesnt go out what affects that processes, structure and the milieu have on an organization. McKinsey 7S Frame move aroundVariables that are examined in this model include style, staff, systems, skills, system, structure, and shared values. This model is applied in an organization to investigate whether or not their inputs much(prenominal) as structure, skills, and strategy align with company objectives (Falletta, 2005). A change in any of the variables will tied(p)tually cause changes in the different variables. The model has strength in the form of world able to analyze essential variables that affect an organizations performance and it is simpler to use than some of the other models. However, the model does not take into consideration environmental effects on a companys effectiveness and operations. Burke-Litwin putThis model includes the following variables management practices work unit climate, mission and strategy, organizational structure, leadership, caper requirements and individual skil ls, individual needs and values, purification, systems, motivation, and last-placely individual and organizational performance. The Burke-Litwin copy bottom be used to investigate not only internal only when outer featureors that warp an organization and further goes to aiming how the factors interact (Martins & Coetzee, 2009). nearly recall this to be one of the some deep and overall better OD models to use for analysis because it provides the nature and direction of influence of organizational variables. This model also provides a difference among transformational and transactional dynamics. The strength of this model is that it is able to analyze organizational structure, task requirements, individual skills, and the outer environment all at the same time. Congruence ModelThis model contains inputs, throughputs, and outputs and is best used in an organization to identify the degree to which the needs, objectives and structures of one part of an organization ar e congruent to the needs, objectives and structure of another part (Falletta, 2005). Its strength is in the obvious ability it has to show organizations how to improve efficiency and effectiveness. The models main weakness is that it does not evaluate effect of demands made by the environment (Nadler & Tushman, 1980). Current Issues WFM is Facing perchance the largest issue that WFM faces is the price of their corkings. The fact of the social function is not everyone who wants inborn and organic foods depose enjoy the WFM experience. There is no confusion in the fact that organic and internal food is more expensive than other groceries and in times of economic note district if customers dont feel they are acquire a good upsurge then they will most presumable seek cheaper alternatives. What this means is when someones budget shrinks they wont be able to purchase as more at WFM vs. one of their competitors. other issue that is just as chief(prenominal) to WFM is bran- modern entrants to the organic and natural foods market with companies deal Wal Mart, Kroger and other larger, cheaper supermarkets. These too large name companies are starting to create their have got buck private label brands to fight with WFM besides since a majority of their business is derived from products that arent natural and organic they can cut prices in this segment of the market to attract customers to their terminal while not taking a huge loss in profits.The final issue facing WFM is the threat of switch over products and services. maven major competitor of WFM is monger Joes Co. who also offers upscale groceries such(prenominal) as health foods and organic produce. One strength of WFM over Wal Mart and Kroger are their unique store atmospheres that most heavy(p) box stores lack but companies same Trader Joes threaten WFM with their own Mom and Pop substitute atmosphere. some other company deal this was Wild Oats which WFM was able to acquire to lessen so me of their competition. What Model is Best for WFM?Given the set of organizational diagnosis models from Falletta, I remember the most useful one for analyzing Whole Foods Market will be the Burke-Litwin Model. According to Falletta, and more others in the realm of OD offer that this model provides a strong admittance for analyzing relationships among leadership an d strategy, financial decisions and useable issues. All three of the issues that WFM is facing I cerebrate could benefit from some changes via this OD model. The fact that this model investigates internal and international factors influencing an organization and further upholds show how factors interact sets this model ahead of many of the earlier OD models that exist and some even discussed above.For example an external factor equivalent how the economy is doing largely affects WFM because customers know in that location are cheaper alternatives and early OD models like the Force Field Model would not be able to use this factor to help better situate the company. The Burke-Litwin Model however will take the external environment into consideration during its diagnosis. In fact all three issues listed above that WFM is facing can be categorized as dealing mostly with external environment issues. Something that only an open systems model could handle.Another reason I deal that The B-L Model should be used by WFM is the fact that it can distinguish between the culture and climate of an organization and also between transformational and transactional dynamics (Falletta, 2005). Obviously in the big picture this fact is primary(prenominal) because to the highest degree no other model does this. This is important for WFM because their brand, image, store atmosphere are crucial in keeping their customers and getting new customers so not being able to diagnose these areas correctly could be traumatic for them. I think transformational and transactional leadership principles can largely affect a n organization . specifically I think that if a good transformational leadership principle is enacted throughout an organization it is visible to the outside through things such as employees motivation and personality towards customers. This is important for WFM because of the type of atmosphere they are seek to create inside their stores. Using this model could help diagnose this variable and defy another reason to customers to shop at WFM and not at one of its competitors who is offer a substitute product.I believe the same principle applies to the variables of climate and culture. Most of the other models combine these devil variables but as we know now these two variables need to be set by and the B-L model is the model that allows for that. As already mentioned above the companies climate and culture are two things that can be controlled and if used effectively cannot only help the business for obvious reasons but I believe these are two variables that would especially help WFM because these are variables that outsiders can pick up on when things are going good or even wrong. Take apple for example, the climate and culture of this company create a mysterious phenomenon that brings its customers closer to the company. You cant say this for Microsoft or Samsung. This is something that WFM could use more of to again out compete with Trader Joes. ConclusionIn closing, since the 50s there have been numerous OD models created and each one make upon the last. Organizations today now have many options when it comes to OD and which model to use but knowing which model to use is just as important as getting an accurate OD. By comparing all the models and identifying the issues an organization currently has one can better diagnose the situation. For WFM I believe the Burke-Litwin Model would best suit them and sack the issues described above.